Bratislava - The Capital of Slovakia

Population
432,864
Language
Slovak
Continent
Europe
Since
1993
Eco Ranking
18/195

Source: Environmental Performance Index 2024.

About Bratislava

Bratislava became a national capital only on 1 January 1993, the date on which Czechoslovakia peacefully divided into two separate states, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, in what is commonly called the Velvet Divorce. Before that date, the city had been the capital of the Slovak Socialist Republic within Czechoslovakia, but Prague had been the federal capital. Bratislava's political history stretches back much further: under its German name Pressburg and Hungarian name Pozsony, it served as the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1536 to 1783, after the Ottoman conquest of Buda forced the Hungarian court to relocate northward. Hungarian kings were crowned in Bratislava for over two centuries. After World War I, the city was incorporated into the newly formed Czechoslovakia and renamed Bratislava. Today it houses the National Council of the Slovak Republic (parliament), the President, and the government. Bratislava is unusual among EU capitals for its geography: it borders both Austria and Hungary, making it the only EU capital that borders two other EU member states directly. Vienna is only 55 kilometers away.

About Slovakia

Slovakia is a parliamentary republic and a member of the European Union and NATO. It adopted the euro in 2009. Political life since independence has been marked by the long dominance of Robert Fico's Smer party, punctuated by significant anti-corruption protests following the 2018 murder of investigative journalist Ján Kuciak and his fiancée. Fico returned to the premiership in 2023 and was shot and seriously wounded in an assassination attempt in May 2024.

View Bratislava on the map

View Bratislava - The Capital of Slovakia on the map

Flight time from Bratislava to other capitals

CityDistance (km)Flight Time
Rome8000h 56m
Paris11001h 18m
London13001h 32m
Abu Dhabi42004h 56m
Washington, D.C.72008h 28m
Tokyo910010h 42m
Cape Town910010h 42m
Singapore970011h 25m
Buenos Aires1190014h 0m
Canberra1590018h 42m

Capitals with similar population to Bratislava

CityPopulation
Tallinn437,619
Bratislava432,864
Canberra431,380
Windhoek431,000
Tirana418,495
Dodoma410,956
Sarajevo395,133

Capitals with similar eco ranking to Bratislava

CityEco Rank
Brussels15
Dublin16
Prague17
Bratislava18
Reykjavik19
Warsaw20
Vilnius21

Source: Environmental Performance Index 2024.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • When did Bratislava become the capital of Slovakia?

    Bratislava became the capital of independent Slovakia on 1 January 1993, when Czechoslovakia peacefully dissolved in what is known as the Velvet Divorce. Before that, Bratislava was the capital of the Slovak Socialist Republic within the Czechoslovak federation, while Prague served as the federal capital.

  • What was Bratislava called before it became a Slovak city?

    Bratislava was known as Pressburg in German and Pozsony in Hungarian for much of its history, reflecting its position in the Habsburg Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It was renamed Bratislava when it became part of the new state of Czechoslovakia after World War I in 1919.

  • Was Bratislava ever the capital of Hungary?

    Yes. Following the Ottoman conquest of Buda in 1541, the Hungarian royal court relocated to Pressburg (Bratislava), which served as the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1536 to 1783. Hungarian kings were crowned in the city's St. Martin's Cathedral during this period, a span of nearly 250 years.

  • How close is Bratislava to Vienna?

    Bratislava and Vienna are approximately 55 kilometers apart, making them among the closest capital cities in the world. Bratislava is the only European Union capital that directly borders two other EU member states, Austria and Hungary, which gives it a unique geopolitical position within the bloc.

  • What is the Velvet Divorce?

    The Velvet Divorce refers to the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia on 1 January 1993 into two independent states: the Czech Republic (with Prague as its capital) and Slovakia (with Bratislava as its capital). The separation was negotiated by political leaders without a public referendum and without violence, in contrast to the violent breakups of other post-communist federations at the time.

Sights and landmarks

The Bratislava Castle, a whitewashed square building on a hill above the Danube, houses the Slovak National Museum and has been a highlight of the city's skyline since its restoration in 2008. The St. Martin's Cathedral from 1452 was the coronation church for eleven Hungarian kings from 1563 to 1830, including Maria Theresa in 1741 — a reminder of the era when Bratislava (then Pressburg or Pozsony) was the capital of Hungary. The Rococo Primates' Palace houses the hall of the Treaty of Pressburg (1805) signed after the Battle of Austerlitz. The UFO Tower atop the 1972 SNP Bridge offers a viewing restaurant at 95 metres height. Devín Castle on the Austrian border is a romantic ruin.

Climate and best time to visit

Bratislava has a continental climate (Dfb in Köppen) with warm summers and cold winters, moderated by the Danube valley. July sees average temperatures between 16 and 27 degrees Celsius; heat waves above 35 degrees occur in July and August. January ranges between -3 and 3 degrees with regular snowfall. Annual rainfall totals only around 520 millimetres, one of the drier Central European capitals due to the shelter provided by the Small Carpathians. The best time to visit runs from May to September, with the wine festival in September in the surrounding Small Carpathian wine region as a highlight. The river connects the city logistically to Vienna, just 60 kilometres away.

Economy

Bratislava is one of the most prosperous regions in the EU by GDP per capita, partly thanks to the concentrated automotive industry in and around the city. Slovakia produces more cars per capita than any other country in the world: the Bratislava region hosts factories of Volkswagen, and the broader western region has plants of Kia, Peugeot/Stellantis and Land Rover. The location 60 kilometres from Vienna creates a cross-border metropolitan region. The financial sector, IT services and logistics contribute additionally. The four major universities in Bratislava supply technical and business talent, and the international airport is steadily growing in passenger and freight traffic to Central and Eastern European destinations.
Bratislava, capital of Slovakia
Bratislava, capital of Slovakia

Capitals quiz

Test how many of the 195 national capitals you can name, by continent or worldwide.

Start quiz
What is the capital of New Zealand?