Paramaribo - The Capital of Suriname

Population
240,924
Language
Dutch
Continent
South America
Since
1975
Eco Ranking
36/195

Source: Environmental Performance Index 2024.

About Paramaribo

Paramaribo is the capital of South America's only Dutch-speaking country, a legacy of Suriname's three centuries as a Dutch colony. The Dutch acquired the territory in 1667 in exchange for New Amsterdam, present-day New York, under the Treaty of Breda, a trade that has defined Suriname's colonial identity. The city served as the administrative hub of a plantation economy dependent on enslaved and, later, indentured labor brought from Africa, India, Java, and China, producing a population of extraordinary ethnic complexity. Suriname gained independence from the Netherlands in November 1975. Five years later, a military coup led by Sergeant Dési Bouterse overthrew the elected government, inaugurating a period of authoritarian rule marked by the 1982 December Murders, in which fifteen political opponents were executed. Bouterse returned to power through democratic elections as president from 2010 to 2020. In 2019, a Surinamese court sentenced him in absentia to 20 years in prison for his role in the December Murders, while he was still president. The historic inner city of Paramaribo is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for its Dutch colonial architecture. Suriname's economy depends heavily on gold mining and oil, and the country has faced significant fiscal crises in recent years.

About Suriname

Suriname is a presidential republic and the smallest sovereign state in South America by area. The unicameral National Assembly holds 51 seats. Suriname maintains close ties with the Netherlands, and Dutch is the sole official language. The country is one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the Americas, a direct product of colonial labor migration from multiple continents.

View Paramaribo on the map

View Paramaribo - The Capital of Suriname on the map

Flight time from Paramaribo to other capitals

CityDistance (km)Flight Time
Washington, D.C.43005h 4m
Buenos Aires45005h 18m
London71008h 21m
Paris72008h 28m
Rome77009h 4m
Cape Town890010h 28m
Abu Dhabi1170013h 46m
Tokyo1510017h 46m
Canberra1590018h 42m
Singapore1760020h 42m

Capitals with similar population to Paramaribo

CityPopulation
Dili277,279
Nassau274,400
Porto-Novo264,320
Gaborone246,325
Paramaribo240,924
Malé227,486
Wellington215,800

Capitals with similar eco ranking to Paramaribo

Source: Environmental Performance Index 2024.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Why does Suriname speak Dutch?

    Suriname was a Dutch colony from 1667 until independence in 1975. The Dutch acquired the territory from England under the Treaty of Breda in 1667. Dutch was established as the administrative and official language during colonial rule and remains the official language of the independent state today.

  • What were the December Murders in Suriname?

    The December Murders refers to the execution of fifteen prominent Surinamese intellectuals, journalists, lawyers, and military officers on December 8, 1982, by the military government of Dési Bouterse. The killings drew international condemnation and resulted in the Netherlands suspending development aid. Bouterse was convicted for these murders by a Surinamese military tribunal in 2019.

  • When did Suriname gain independence?

    Suriname gained independence from the Netherlands on November 25, 1975. A significant portion of the Surinamese population emigrated to the Netherlands before independence, anticipating economic difficulties. The country experienced a military coup just five years after independence in 1980.

  • Why is Paramaribo a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

    The historic inner city of Paramaribo was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2002 for its outstanding example of Dutch colonial plantation town planning and architecture. The site features a distinctive blend of European building styles adapted to tropical conditions over three centuries.

  • Is Suriname considered part of South America or the Caribbean?

    Suriname is geographically located on the northeastern coast of South America and is considered part of the South American continent. However, it is also a member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and shares cultural and historical ties with the Caribbean. It is the only Dutch-speaking country in South America.

Sights and landmarks

The Independence Square is flanked by the Presidential Palace and the wooden Fort Zeelandia from 1640, built by the Dutch and now the Suriname Museum. The Saint Peter and Paul Cathedral, completed in 1885, is one of the largest wooden cathedrals in the Western Hemisphere. The Central Market on the Suriname River and the Waterkant street with its white colonial trading houses form the commercial heart. The Neveh Shalom Synagogue and the Keizerstraat Mosque, situated side by side, symbolise religious coexistence. The Hindu temple Arya Dewaker serves the Hindustani community.

Climate and best time to visit

Paramaribo has a tropical rainforest climate with constant temperatures between 23 and 32 degrees Celsius and high humidity year-round. Two rainy seasons alternate: a short one from December to February and a long one from April to August. The dry periods from February to April and September to November are the ideal travel time. Trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean provide relief. Unlike the Caribbean further north, hurricanes do not occur.

Culture and customs

Suriname is one of the ethnically most diverse countries in the world: Hindustanis (British-Indian indentured labourers), Javanese, Maroons (descendants of escaped slaves), Creoles, Chinese, indigenous peoples and Dutch live side by side. Sranan Tongo is the lingua franca, alongside official Dutch. The cuisine reflects the mix: roti, nasi, pom (a Jewish-Creole oven dish) and peanut soup. Hindu, Islamic, Christian and winti festivals are celebrated by all groups. Holi Phagwa and Chinese New Year are national holidays.

Economy

Suriname's economy relies heavily on gold mining (Newmont and IAMGOLD operate large mines) and oil; offshore oil discoveries since 2020 promise a transformation similar to that in neighbouring Guyana. Bauxite, once dominant, has played no role since Suralco closed in 2017. Paramaribo is the administrative and commercial centre and houses the Central Bank of Suriname. The country has experienced fiscal crises, for which an IMF programme is running. Dutch banks and companies maintain close ties. Timber, fishing and agriculture (rice, bananas) remain important employers.
Paramaribo, capital of Suriname
Paramaribo, capital of Suriname

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