Kingstown - The Capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Population
12,909
Language
English
Continent
North America
Since
1719
Eco Ranking
42/195

Source: Environmental Performance Index 2024.

About Kingstown

Kingstown is the capital and largest settlement of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, a Caribbean island nation comprising the main island of Saint Vincent and a chain of smaller islands to the south. The town was established by French colonizers in the early 18th century and served as the administrative seat during a prolonged period of contest between French and British colonial powers. Britain gained definitive control of Saint Vincent in 1783 under the Treaty of Paris, and Kingstown continued as the colonial capital under British rule. The island's colonial history was marked by conflict with the indigenous Garifuna people, of mixed Carib, Arawak, and African descent, who resisted European colonization. The British deported the majority of the Garifuna population to the Bay Islands of Honduras in 1797 following the Second Carib War, a forced displacement that fundamentally altered the island's demographics. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines gained independence from Britain on October 27, 1979, with Kingstown as its capital. The country is governed as a parliamentary democracy with the British monarch as head of state. Kingstown houses the House of Assembly and the offices of the prime minister. With a population of under 13,000, it is one of the smallest national capitals in the Western Hemisphere. In April 2021, the La Soufrière volcano on Saint Vincent erupted, forcing the evacuation of a significant portion of the island's northern population.

About Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy with the British monarch as head of state. It gained independence from Britain in 1979 and is a member of CARICOM and the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). The country's colonial history included the forced deportation of the indigenous Garifuna population to Central America in 1797. The nation is vulnerable to natural disasters, including volcanic eruptions from La Soufrière and Atlantic hurricanes. It is one of the smallest sovereign states in the Western Hemisphere.

View Kingstown on the map

View Kingstown - The Capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines on the map

Flight time from Kingstown to other capitals

CityDistance (km)Flight Time
Washington, D.C.33003h 53m
Buenos Aires53006h 14m
London69008h 7m
Paris70008h 14m
Rome77009h 4m
Cape Town990011h 39m
Abu Dhabi1190014h 0m
Tokyo1420016h 42m
Canberra1610018h 56m
Singapore1770020h 49m

Capitals with similar population to Kingstown

CityPopulation
Belmopan16,451
Roseau14,725
Basseterre14,000
Kingstown12,909
St. George's7,500
Palikir6,647
Valletta6,444

Capitals with similar eco ranking to Kingstown

CityEco Rank
St. John's39
San José40
Kyiv41
Kingstown42
Nicosia44
Caracas45
Libreville45

Source: Environmental Performance Index 2024.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • When did Kingstown become the capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines?

    Kingstown has served as the administrative capital since the colonial period under British rule and became the capital of independent Saint Vincent and the Grenadines on October 27, 1979, when the country gained independence from Britain.

  • Why is Kingstown such a small capital city?

    Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has a total population of approximately 110,000, making it one of the smallest sovereign nations in the Western Hemisphere. Kingstown, as the main settlement on the main island, reflects the scale of the country itself rather than representing unusual underdevelopment for a Caribbean state.

  • What happened to the Garifuna people of Saint Vincent?

    The Garifuna, a people of mixed Carib, Arawak, and African descent, resisted British colonization of Saint Vincent. Following their defeat in the Second Carib War in 1796-1797, the British forcibly deported the majority of the Garifuna population to Roatan Island (in present-day Honduras), from where they dispersed along the Central American coast. Descendants continue to live in Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, and Nicaragua.

  • What happened during the 2021 volcanic eruption near Kingstown?

    La Soufrière volcano on Saint Vincent erupted in April 2021, after months of increased activity. The eruption forced the evacuation of approximately 20,000 people from the island's northern zones. Ashfall affected Kingstown and large parts of the island. The eruption was the most significant on Saint Vincent since 1979 and caused substantial agricultural and infrastructural damage.

  • Is Saint Vincent and the Grenadines still a monarchy?

    Yes. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a constitutional monarchy with the British monarch as head of state, represented locally by a governor-general. The country is governed by a prime minister and the unicameral House of Assembly in Kingstown. As of 2024, no formal steps toward becoming a republic have been enacted.

Sights and landmarks

The centre of Kingstown is characterised by narrow lanes with covered arcades offering protection from sun and rain — a British colonial design tradition. St. Mary's Cathedral from 1823 combines Romanesque, Gothic and Moorish style elements and is built from black volcanic stone. The Anglican St. George's Cathedral from 1820 contains a stained-glass window originally intended for Queen Victoria. The 18th-century Fort Charlotte on Berkshire Hill, 200 metres above sea level and built primarily to repel the Caribs, offers panoramic views. The Botanic Gardens, founded in 1765, are among the oldest in the western hemisphere and preserve descendants of the breadfruit tree that Captain Bligh brought in 1793.

Climate and best time to visit

Kingstown has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with constant warmth year-round. Daytime temperatures range between 27 and 31 degrees Celsius, and nights rarely drop below 22 degrees. Annual rainfall is around 2,000 millimetres on the coast, rising to more than 3,500 millimetres inland. The rainy season runs from June to December, with September and October as the wettest months and highest hurricane risk. The dry season, January to May, is the preferred travel period with persistent north-easterly trade winds. The island sits on the southern edge of the hurricane belt and is struck less frequently than more northerly islands.

Regional significance

Kingstown is the smallest capital in the English-speaking Caribbean by both population and area, with fewer than 13,000 inhabitants. The city is unique for its central role as a yachting hub for the Grenadines: the island chain to the south of Saint Vincent attracts thousands of sailors annually, and Kingstown serves as the logistical port of call. Bequia, the largest of the Grenadines, lies just 14 kilometres away and has a unique whaling tradition under an IWC quota of four humpback whales per year. The city has a notably high number of arrowroot starch factories; Saint Vincent is historically the world's largest arrowroot producer.

Economy

Kingstown's economy runs on agriculture, with bananas (greatly reduced after the loss of EU trade preferences in the 2000s), arrowroot, coconut and spices. Tourism, mainly targeting the Grenadines and cruise passengers at Kingstown harbour, contributes around 25 percent of GDP. Argyle International Airport, opened in 2017 with funding from Venezuela, Taiwan and Cuba, opened direct connections with North America. Remittances from the diaspora are a substantial income source. The country does not attract citizenship by investment, unlike neighbouring Saint Kitts and Nevis. Fishing and small-scale rum distilleries, such as St. Vincent Distillers, round out the economic landscape.
Kingstown, capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Kingstown, capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

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